CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATION.

CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATION.

Education is for all & the development of human resources. Educational process is central of human life. Man is connected with education; Not only education many other fundamental factors are also connected with human life. Some important factors are:-philosophical, social culture, & psychological factors. Each of these factors is contributing actively to the growth & development of the individual.

  SOCIO-CULTURAL CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATION.

Every individual can learn little by himself. But other plays a very important role & contributes a lot to his learning process. The presence of other persons is important because a person learns from the knowledge gained by others. Therefore the process of getting education is always a social process. Every society has its own changing socio-cultural needs & education is required to fulfill the needs. Some of the today needs are conservation of resources, environmental protection, global citizenship etc.

1.    INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON AIMS OF EDUCATION.

Socio-cultural factors have an indirect impact on the aims of education. Education is a social process & it should be directed to social welfare. The determinant of the aims of education is highly dependent on socio-cultural factors. The integrated social philosophy has influenced the deterring process of educational aims.

2.    INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON CURRICULUM.

There is an impact of socio-cultural factors on curriculum construction. Curriculum is the sum total of experiences gathered by the child through his socio-cultural interactions in the school. In the modern curriculum individual & social needs are integrated in today curriculum, the social demands of child are considered. Curriculum is now treated as a means of socio-conservation & progress. It is now an effective instrument of social control.

3.    INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON MEHODS ON TEACHING.

The methods of teaching are also influenced by socio-cultural factors. The method of teaching primarily emphasizes the social behavior outside the classroom. The socialized techniques such as project, group methods & collaborative learning procedure etc.. to fulfill the conditions.

4.    INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON TEACHING.

In modern education, teacher is considered as a friend, philosopher & guide. So, teacher must abide by the social norms of society. Teacher should know & evaluate the cultural heritage of the nation, society & the individual. He must record & guide behavior in social interactions. To fulfill this responsibility, the teacher must acquire essential skills & values needed for a modern society.

5.    INFLUENCE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ON DISCIPLINE.

Social norms & values provide order & discipline to the society. This is transmitted through education is a system established by the society to ensure order & discipline in the society. The cultural heritage of the country influences the pattern & type of discipline in that country.

6.    PHILOSOPHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATION.

Philosophy is always there in the background in the shaping of the various aspects of education. Both philosophy & education are closely related to human life. Educational programs become consistent only if they are built upon sound philosophy. Philosophy influences every aspects of education. Aims, curriculum, textbooks, methods of teaching, discipline, teacher-pupil relations are all influenced by philosophy.

                 The aim of education is related to the aims of life, which in turn are determined by the philosophy of life. The educational objectives in a totalitarian state will also be totalitarian in nature. Aims & ideas of education were propagated by various philosophers. They are character building, man making, & harmonious human development, preparation for adult life, utilization of leisure, scientific & technological development, education for all etc. philosophy of education guides the process of education by suggesting suitable aims from the diversities of life & selecting the means accordingly.

                 The curriculum is constructed in accordance with the objectives of education that are ultimately guided by the aims of life over which philosophy has heavy bearing. Curriculum to be followed in education should be conformed to the prevailing philosophy. The issue of curriculum in education is solved by philosophy.

                 The nature of the textbooks too, is determined by the values of life which in turn are fixed by philosophy. This relation will be reflected in the content as well as the mode of presentation.

                 Method of teaching & philosophy are interrelated. Teaching is a bipolar process. At one pole the teacher stands & at the other the taught. Method means the art of teaching or technique which the teacher follows in the communication of knowledge to the taught. These classroom techniques are satisfactorily tackled by philosophy. Some philosophy emphasized a child centered approach while others suggest Socratic Method.

The philosophy of an age is reflected in the discipline of the educational institutions. The theory of discipline focuses on three major types. They are emancipator or self discipline, impressionistic or discipline by modeling, suppressionistic. The nature of discipline is always determined by philosophy. The conception of discipline as held by the teacher or the educator will always be influenced by his philosophical convictions.

                 A teacher who is well aware of the philosophy of life & its impact on education will succeed in his job. A teacher needs to study philosophy as a person & as a teacher. Teacher need to be aware of philosophical positions that they take & have taken while they enter into classrooms or plan to enter into classrooms.

PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN EDUCATION.

       Educational psychology has influenced the modern educational theories & practices in various ways. Educational behavior is part of the total behavior. It is also a social behavior. In order to make the educational efforts effective, we must know clearly the diverse aspects of behavior of the educand. Psychology can help in this respect clearly.

       The primary aim of education is the total development of the child. Child is the most important in educational area. The needs, interests, attitudes & other psychological aspect are considered while framing aims of education. Psychology influences in determining the aims of education at various levels.

       Psychology has also influenced modern principles of curriculum construction. Earlier curriculum construction was based on the theory of formal discipline. But this was discarded by the modern psychologist. They argued that all subjects which have utility for the total development of the child should be included n the curriculum.

       The modern method of instruction is completely influenced by psychology. All modern methods are psychological methods. Learning becomes effective when education is communicated through the senses. Senses are the gateways of knowledge. In psychology the training of senses has greatly been emphasized. The modern methods of teaching  are immensely in debated to psychological theory.

       Teacher should be a master of psychology to deal with the complex educational problems. Educational psychology helps the teacher to understand teaching learning process, the nature & characteristics of learner, suitable learning experiences to cater the needs of different children, learning situation & personality traits of effective teachers. Psychology influences the teacher in many ways.

       Discipline is one of the core focuses of educational psychology. It teacher to behave in classrooms & other tutorial settings. It focuses how to manage classroom behavior of the children. It also helps us to manage good relation with the teacher & the taught & other environmental factors of education. The problem of indiscipline by the students can be checked by using proper psychological techniques.

       There are some other considerations also in education. They are biological factors, economic factors, & political factors. However the most important factors affecting education are philosophical, social & psychology aspects.

ANGEL MARIA BABY

NATURAL SCIENCE